菘蓝和欧洲菘蓝的鉴别研究

本文在大量调查研究的基础上，通过对菘蓝 (Isatis indigotica Fort.) 和我国引种的欧洲     菘蓝 (I. tinctoria L.) 的细胞学、孢粉学的观察、同功酶、可溶性蛋白的电泳分析以及吲哚甙的     含量测定发现：  (1)菘蓝是一个形态上有较大变异的种，其茎生叶的基部有箭形、圆形的不同     类型，果实的形状、大小也不一致。  (2)我国引种的欧洲菘蓝仅见其有毛类型，没有发现无毛     类型。《中国高等植物图鉴》、《秦岭植物志》和《东北草本植物志》等分类学著作对本种的特征     描述有误，可能是将菘蓝的茎生叶基部箭形类型误认为本种所致。  (3)十字花科大青叶和板     兰根的主要植物来源是菘蓝，《中华人民共和国药典》(1997年版)的有关大青叶、板蓝根、青黛     的植物来源项下，十字花科植物菘蓝拉丁学名应为I．indigotica Fort。(4)菘蓝鲜叶中吲哚甙的含量明显高于欧洲菘蓝，作为药用质量较优。(5)菘蓝的染色体数为2n=14系本文首次报道。

Experimental Identification of “Songlan” (Isatis indigotica) and Woad (I.tinctoria) Introduced into China

“Song Lan” is a source of Chinese drugs such as “Daqingye”,  “Banlangen” or “Qingdai”. We have discovered that the two species,  “Song Lan”  (Isatis indigotica Fort.) and woad (I. tinctoria L.),  were mistakenly described in the literature due to their morphological polymorphism. In order to clarify the two species,  cytology examination,  pol- len analysis,  electrophoretic analysis of isoenzymes and soluble protein were performed. The results show that previous non-trichiferous type of woad is a “Song Lan”. As in woad, “Song Lan” is also morphologically of great variability. The base of canline leaves in this species may be sagittate or auriculate. We have not found the non-trichiferous type of woad in our country. It is reported for the first time that the chromosome number for “Song Lan” is 2n=14.       The content of the indole glucoside in fresh leaves of “Song Lan” is about five timeshigher than in woad. For medicine cultivation of “Song Lan” is favorable.