论新文化运动时期国民性改造思潮形成的历史动因

五四新文化运动时期国民性改造思潮的形成 ,既有中国近代特殊历史背景的影响 ,也有深刻的思想文化渊源。概括起来 ,其形成的原因有以下几个方面 :一、它是中国近代化运动层层推演的必然产物 ;二、沉重的民族危机 ,使具有忧患意识的知识分子思维角度发生变化 ,由对社会客体的思考转到对社会主体的探讨 ,即对人的素质的思考 ,对国民性改造的关注 ;三、西方文化的输入与中西文化的冲突 ,为知识分子对中国传统文化的反思的不断深化以及对中国走向现代化的探索 ,提供了新的参照系统 ;四、中国先进的知识分子深受日本、欧洲启蒙思想家关于国民性改造思想的影响 ;五、中国传统儒家思维模式的影响

On the historical reasons for the trend of thought of National Character reform in the period of New Culture Movement

The trend of thought of National Character reform in the period of May 4 th New Culture Movement was a result of the influence of the special modern Chinese historical background while having its deep source of ideology and culture.Generally speaking,the reasons for such a trend of thought are as follows:Firstly,it was the inevitable result of the all-sided evolvement of Chinese modernization;secondly,heavy national crisis caused changes in the thinking angle of misery-conscious intellectuals and their thinking on the object of the society was shifted to the thinking on the subject of the society,that is ,thinking on people's quality and their concern for National Character reform;thirdly the input of Western culture and the conflict between Chinese culture and Western culture provided a new reference system for the deepening of intellectuals' rethinking on traditional Chinese culture and their probe into Chinas'a heading toward modernization;fourthly,advanced Chinese intellectuals were deeply influenced by the thought of Japanese and European enlightenment thinkers on National Character reform;fifthly,the influence of traditional Chinese Confucian mode of thinking.