俄罗斯萨哈(雅库特)共和国中部热喀斯特湖成因及发育规律

在全球不断变暖的大环境下, 中国冻土区受气候影响而产生的各类结构性变化已经对人类生活产生相应的负面影响, 而位于俄罗斯西伯利亚地区的萨哈(雅库特)共和国面临同样的问题, 热喀斯特湖的发育对研究区内的领土开发、农耕地开垦、畜牧业等均已产生破坏性影响.借鉴俄罗斯对冻土的丰富研究, 为我国相关研究提供思路.通过梳理相关资料, 总结出雅库特地区具有强大陆性气候, 冬季寒冷漫长, 年际温差大等气候特征.该地冻土区主要由于年气温上升, 活跃层厚度增加, 导致土壤下陷, 最终形成热喀斯特湖地貌(又称阿拉斯).该地区有发育缓慢, 无序分布, 受地质结构影响较大以及分布地区广等发育特点.

Genesis and development law of Thermokarst Lakes in the central of the Republic of Sakha( Yakutia) of Russia

With the global warming, the various structural changes in chinese frozen soil areas due to climate change have caused negative influence on human life. The Republic of Sakha ( Yakutia) in Siberian of Russia faces the same problem, the development of Thermokarst Lakes has exerted destructive influence on territory development, reclamation of agricultural land and animal husbandry etc. in the study area. By reference to rich research of frozen soil area in Russia, thoughts were provided to relevant researches in China. Through combing relevant materials, it was summarized that the climate in Yakutia has strong continental climate, long cold winter and significant interannual temperature difference etc. genesis. Thermokarst Lakes landform( Alas) is mainly due to soil subsidence as a result of increased thickness of permafrost active layer caused by temperature rise in frozen soil areas. In Yakutia, the characteristics of Thermokarst Lakes are of slow development, chaotic distribution, vulnerability to the influence of geologic structure and wide distribution etc.