世纪之交以来德国职前教师教育课程改革:背景、举措与效果

随着高等教育一体化与"可持续发展教育"进程的不断深入,德国教师教育发展面临巨大的挑战。加之"PISA震惊"引发的基础教育课程改革,21世纪初期,德国陆续颁布出台了一系列针对职前教师改革的新政策,并积极对课程实施改革,如建立分层、贯通性本硕一体化课程体系,基于教师教育标准设置能力导向的课程目标,在课程内容中融入可持续发展与跨文化主题,开发行动能力导向的实践课程等。虽取得了明显成效,但也出现了一些实际问题。

Background,Initiatives and Effect of the Curriculum Reform for Initial Teacher Education in Germany at the Turn of the Century

Along with the process of the integration in higher education and"Education for Sustainable Development",teacher education in Germany has been facing great challenges.In the context of the curriculum reform of basic education caused by PISAShock,Germany has implemented a series of new policies and opened a new round of educational reform for initial teacher education to improve the quality of teacher education since the beginning of 21 century:constructing connected and hierarchical undergraduatemaster teacher curriculum,setting curriculum objectives based on competence-oriented national standard,adding new content of sustainable development and intercultural themes,aiming at teachers’practical competence,developing the practical courses for improving teachers’greater capacity for action.The twenty-year experiences for initial teacher education in Germany can provide many helpful suggestions for the curriculum reform in our normal colleges.