Gender role ideology in mothers and fathers: Relation with parent-child aggression risk longitudinally |
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| Institution: | 1. Doha Institute for Graduate Studies, Al Tarfa Street, Zone 70, PO Box 200592, Al-Daayen, Qatar;2. Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, PO Box 14, Birzeit, Palestine;1. Edinburgh Napier University, School of Health & Social Care, Edinburgh, UK;2. NHS Lothian, Rivers Centre for Traumatic Stress, Edinburgh, UK;3. Ulster University, School of Psychology, Derry, UK;4. NHS Scotland, The State Hospital & Forensic Network, UK;5. Edinburgh University, Division of Psychiatry, Edinburgh, UK;6. HMP YOI Cornton Vale, Scottish Prison Service, Stirling, UK;7. National College of Ireland, School of Business, Dublin, Ireland;1. Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;2. Division of Global HIV and TB, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;3. Nigeria Country Office, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria;4. Uganda Country Office, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda;5. Zambia Country Office, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Lukasa, Zambia |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe existing literature is dominated by models of parent-child aggression (PCA) risk using maternal samples, thereby limiting insight into factors that contribute to fathers’ PCA risk. Protective factors that can affect PCA risk within the mother-father dyad at the cultural level are also often overlooked.ObjectiveThe current study examined the potential positive role of gender ideologies on maternal and paternal PCA risk over time, considering both individual and partner effects on PCA risk.Participants and settingParticipants were 150 couples, with primiparous mothers and their male partners identified from a larger study of PCA risk.MethodsThe study employed a longitudinal design with three waves. Participants were first assessed in mothers’ third trimester of pregnancy and re-assessed when their child was 6 months and 18 months. Dyads reported their gender role attitudes prenatally and PCA risk across time.ResultsEgalitarian gender role ideologies related to lower PCA risk for both mothers and fathers prenatally. At 6 months, neither mothers’ nor fathers’ gender role ideologies related to PCA risk but by 18 months, fathers’ gender role beliefs predicted their PCA risk whereas mother’s gender role beliefs only marginally predicted their PCA risk. Maternal egalitarian gender ideologies significantly predicted fathers’ lower PCA risk at 6 months.ConclusionsThese findings suggest less traditional gender roles may contribute to lower PCA risk in parents particularly prior to childbirth. Therefore, future work is needed to further consider the evolving interconnectedness within couples in their PCA risk over time. |
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| Keywords: | Physical child abuse risk Gender roles Fathers Prospective longitudinal Protective factors Dyadic analysis |
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