Conscientiousness explains the link between childhood neglect and cigarette smoking in adults from a low-income,urban area–the differential effects of sex |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America;2. VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States of America;3. Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States of America;4. Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, United States of America;5. Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, United States of America;1. Department of Health Science, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, United States;2. Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States;3. Center for Patient Care and Outcomes Research, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Abstract: | Cigarette smoking represents the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the US and understanding its risk factors remains a critical public health endeavor. Low-income individuals and individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment are at heightened risk for cigarette smoking, yet the underlying factors between this association are understudied. Conscientiousness is one construct with potential explanatory relevance to both smoking and childhood neglect. The current investigation examined the association between childhood physical and emotional neglect with smoking (i.e., self-reported cigarette smoking and breath carbon monoxide levels) via conscientiousness. The sample was comprised of 115 adults (Mage = 50.46, SDage = 5.86; 76.4% Black) recruited from a community center serving low-income and homeless individuals. Mediation analyses showed the indirect effect of childhood emotional neglect on cigarette smoking through conscientiousness; for physical neglect, this relationship was only present among males. The current study provides preliminary evidence that conscientiousness may be a particularly important vulnerability factor when examining the association between childhood neglect and smoking. |
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Keywords: | Smoking Conscientiousness Childhood neglect Low-income |
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