黄河重点生态区生态修复的现状、问题与对策研究

生态兴则文明兴。黄河重点生态区生态保护和修复重大工程作为实施全国重要生态系统保护和修复重大工程(2021—2035年)之一,黄河重点生态区在自然生态恢复功能低下形成的生态脆弱和以往经济发展对流域治理的非理性忽视所遗留的生态问题的双重作用下,其所显现的复合性生态环境问题亟待解决,生态保护和修复压力较大。但区域生态修复的责任主体界定模糊;评估、监测、管理程序缺乏系统性明确安排;生态修复资金管理与监督机制不完善;生态修复部门间的信息共享机制有待完善。要从实体和程序两个方面夯实黄河重点生态区修复机制,强化黄河重点生态区生态修复政策的导向性,为黄河流域生态安全和高质量发展提供生态保障,并为全国重要生态保护和修复重大工程提供具有普遍性的机制完善建议。

The Current Situation,Problems and Countermeasures of Ecological Restoration in key Ecological Areas of the Yellow River

Ecological prosperity leads to civilized prosperity.The Yellow River Key Ecological Area Ecological Protection and Restoration Project As one of the major national key ecological system protection and restoration projects(2021-2035),the Yellow River Key Ecological District has ecological fragility caused by the low natural ecological restoration function and the impact of previous economic development on the basin.Under the dual effect of the ecological problems left over by the irrational neglect of governance,the complex ecological and environmental problems that appear in it need to be solved urgently,and the pressure of ecological protection and restoration is greater.However,the definition of the responsible subject of regional ecological restoration is vague;the evaluation,monitoring,and management procedures lack a systematic and clear arrangement;the ecological restoration fund management and supervision mechanism is not perfect;the information sharing mechanism between ecological restoration departments needs to be improved.It is necessary to consolidate the restoration mechanism of the Yellow River’s key ecological areas in terms of entities and procedures,strengthen the guidance of ecological restoration policies in the Yellow River’s key ecological areas,provide ecological guarantees for the ecological safety and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin,and contribute to the protection and restoration of important national ecological areas.The project provides universal mechanism improvement suggestions.