三江源地区探险旅游资源—产品转化适宜性的ATOS途径

研究探险旅游资源-产品转化适宜性,对探险旅游地的科学规划管理具有重要意义.本文运用基础理论演绎和GIS空间分析等方法,借鉴国际上自然地区游憩规划与管理领域应用广泛的有效手段-游憩机会谱(ROS),着眼于区域尺度,建立了探险旅游机会谱(ATOS),进而研究了三江源地区探险旅游资源-产品转化适宜性.研究结果表明,探险旅游机会谱可有效用于区域探险旅游资源-产品转化适宜性的研究,"专业级历险探险旅游、较专业级涉险探险旅游、较业余级艰险体验探险旅游、业余级探秘探险旅游"4类探险旅游机会为探险旅游目的地的分区管理和提出探险旅游项目提供了科学根据.之后进行了三江源地区探险旅游机会序列分区,提出了青藏高原-黄土高原穿越游、唐古拉山探险游等22项探险旅游项目.

ATOS Methods for Investigating Suitability of the Conversion between Adventure Tourism Resources and Products over the Sanjiangyuan Region

Adventure tourism has been growing rapidly in recent years with the development of tourism industry in China. Enthusiasts being avid for adventure tourism are gradually formed, showing that some areas are increasingly turning into famous adventure spots. However, little research regarding adventure tourism in China has been conducted, which significantly hampers the development of adventure tourism industry. Investigating suitability of the conversion between resources and products is critical for better understanding adventure tourism and thus helpful for reasonable planning and management. The authors employed the adventure tourism opportunity spectrum (ATOS) method for examining the suitability of the adventure tourism resource-product conversion over the Sanjiangyuan region (the source regions of the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River). Particularly, a deduction for fundamental theories with respect to the recreation opportunity spectrum (ROS) and a GIS spatial analysis were performed. Also, an effective natural recreation area planning and management tool involved in ROS was utilized to construct adventure tourism opportunity spectrums over the Sanjiangyuan region. Four types of adventure tourism opportunities were subsequently categorized, i.e., much professional adventure experience, relatively professional adventure experience, relatively amateur dangers experience and amateur discovery experience. The first is the most exacting adventure tourism and a kind of 'hard ' adventure tourism style while the last is the least exacting adventure tourism, also called a 'soft' adventure tourism style. The adventure tourism opportunity is generally comprised of characteristics of adventure activities, characteristics of adventure tourism setting and characteristics of adventure experience formed by the former two. In terms of characteristics of adventure tourism and the ROS theory, six indices (i.e., natural conditions, culture background, accessibility, resource utilization and operating and management, tourism development intensity, and social interaction) were selected as major elements for creating adventure tourism opportunities. A series of adventure tourism opportunity spectrums were derived and an evaluation index system as to adventure tourism opportunity was constructed in order to differentiate four types of adventure tourism settings with an experts grading method. It ultimately came into being the regionalization for a variety of adventure tourism opportunities, with providing adventure tourism activities associated with each regionalization. Results indicated that the adventure tourism opportunity spectrum is a promising tool to study the suitability of the adventure tourism resource-product conversion at regional scales. Four types of adventure tourism opportunities offered in this study would be greatly helpful for regional management for adventure tourism destinations and produce adventure tourism activities. The paper additionally offered a series of adventure tourism activities (e.g., the travel through the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Loess Plateau, the discovery of the Tanggula Mountains).