审美救赎与人间之爱——从《野草》看鲁迅对尼采的接受

《野草》蕴藏了鲁迅作为一个在中国现代文学史上略显孤独的思想者的幽暗、深邃的个性——类似尼采笔下的查拉图斯特拉。思想之间的影响很难以数据进行具体量化分析,但或隐或显的影响是切实存在的,更多的隐含在思想者之间相似相通的个性气质里。尼采对古希腊悲剧精神的消逝发出来自生命底的悲愤和忧伤,他以对素朴真理的追求来对欧洲传统形而上学进行孤绝地批判;鲁迅对国民性以及传统弊病的批判则在接受尼采的基础上,有着他自己作为中国传统文士和现代知识分子双重文化身份的特点——鲁迅最终没有舍弃人世间的爱,尼采则以带着强烈否定性的强力意志实现了对表象世界的超越,尽管这样做使他陷入了虚无和轮回。

The Aesthetic Salvation and Love——Lu Xun's Acceptance of Nietzsche From "Weeds"

"Weeds" reveals Lu Xun's gloomy and profound personality,the lonely thinker in Chinese modern literature history sharing the characteristics with Nietzsche's Zarathustra.The influence of thoughts is hard to be measured by data.The explicit or tacit similarity implies more in the thinkers' characters and styles.Nietzsche,being sad for the vanishing tragedy spirit of ancient Greece,criticized the European traditional metaphysics with his pursuit of the simple truth. Correspondingly,Lu Xun,whose criticism on the national character and the deficiency in traditional culture was based on Nietzsche,had never given up the truth love with dual features of both Chinese traditional Confucian and modern intellectual.Nietzsche's powerful will,with strong sense of negation,surpassed the superficial world though this made him trapped into void and samsara.