中小学教师对学生学业失败归因的反应模式研究

本研究运用归因反应模式测验,以333名中小学教师为被试,探讨中小学教师对不同类型学生考试失败的归因,所引发的不同生气反应、奖惩以及对学生未来失败可能性的预测。结果发现高能力、低努力、无学习困难三类学生的考试失败会引发中小学教师较强的生气反应、较低的奖励;教师认为高能力学生比低能力学生在未来考试失败的可能性更小。小学教师主要基于学生是否努力,对其考试失败进行归因反应,而中学教师主要基于学生能力高低对其考试失败进行归因反应。

A Research on Response Models of Teachers Attribution to Students' Academic Failure in Primary Schools and Middle Schools

Taking 333 teachers in primary schools and middle schools as the subjects, this research explores those teachers' attribution to different students' academic failure, the according different anger responses, rewards and punishment, and prediction of students' possible future failure by using the test of attribution response model. The results show that: the following three kinds of students' academic failure can cause teachers' stronger anger response and lower rewards. They are students of great capabilities, students who do not study very hard and students who have no learning difficulties. Teachers think that students with high competence have fewer possibilities of academic failure in future than students with low competence. Teachers in primary schools mainly attribute students' academic failure to their lack of studying efforts, while teachers in middle schools mainly do that based on if students' competence is high.