Decay and treatment of Macael white marble

Abstract

This paper reports the process of deterioration of the white marble used in the Alhambra of Granada, and its consequences. Variations in mineralogical composition, microscopic topology, hardness, compressive strength, propagation of ultrasonic waves, absorptIon and diffusion of water and properties related to the pore structure were studied. The relationships between these factors, the visible deterioration and possible mechanisms are discussed. A preliminary evaluation of some protective treatments was carried out. The results can also be applied to white Macael marble used in other monuments in an environment with wide fluctuations in temperature and relative humidity.