从分化到整合:南非高校分类变迁的内在逻辑

以1994年废除种族隔离政策为分水岭,南非的高等学校分类体系经历了由分化到整合的治理逻辑变迁。1994年之前,南非政府以学生人种、教育属性、语言文化等为维度,将全国高等学校强行区隔,多轨运作,分而治之。1994年之后,南非新政府开始调整高等学校分类体系,以高校学术职能为中心,整合教育资源,致力于促进普通教育与职业教育的融汇贯通。南非的高等学校分类变迁史表明,高校分类必须尊重教育自身的发展规律,坚持政府在高等教育发展中的主导地位,同时保持不同类型高校的特色化、差异化发展。

From Differentiation to Integration: The Inherent Logic of the Changes in the Classification of Higher Education Institutions in South Africa

Taking the abolition of apartheid policy in 1994 as a watershed,the classification system of higher education institutions in South Africa has undergone a change in governance logic from differentiation to integration.Prior to 1994,the South African government forcibly separated higher education institutions across the country,by the dimension of student race,educational attributes,language and culture.After 1994,the new South African government began to adjust the classification system of higher education institutions,centering on academic functions of universities,integrating educational resources,and working to promote the integration of general education and vocational education.The history of the classification of higher education in South Africa shows that the classification of higher education must respect the law of development of education itself,adhere to the government’s leading role in the development of higher education,and maintain the distinctive and differentiated development of different types of colleges.