中国大陆区域经济发展与区域政府规模逆相关研究

中国大陆区域经济发展与区域政府规模有极为紧密的逆相关关系。从横向比较来看,一个地区行政管理人员占用社会人力资源的比重越高,行政管理费占其国内生产总值（GDP）的比重越高,该地区的经济就有可能越不发展。反之则反是。从中国大陆1978年以来的历史纵向资料的比较看,随着经济的发展,行政管理人员占用社会人力资源的比重、行政管理费占国内生产总值的比重并没有逐步降低的趋势,但这并非经济发展的内在要求,而是政府机构改革滞后的结果。区域政府规模庞大（大政府）之所以成为区域经济发展的障碍,是因为“大政府”耗费更多的经济资源,有更大的“设租”“寻租”动力及机会,由此加重了民间微观经济主体的负担,挫伤了他们创造利润和创造财富的积极性。因此,区域经济发展的重要前提就是变“大政府”为“小政府”。

Research on Negative Relationship between District's Economic Development and District's Governmental Scale in Mainland China

In mainland China, a district's economic development has negative relationship with its governmental scale. In view of the comparative study, the higher the proportion of administrative staffs in total labour force and administrative expenditure in GDP in a district is, the more underdeveloped this district's economy is. Whereas then versa is. According to the historical data from the year 1978 on, the proportion of administrative staffs in total labour force and administrative expenditure in GDP donot have the tendancy to reduce, it is not an inherent law of economic development but a result of sluggish reform in administrative organizations. The "big government" wastes much resource and has a large motive and opportunity to "establish rent" and "seek rent", which puts more weight on the microeconomic agents and dampen their enthusiam of creating profit and wealth. An important factor for economic development in a district, therefore, is to transform a "big government" into "small government".