简论行政听证的适用范围及我国相关立法的完善

听证制度被誉为现代行政程序法的灵魂和核心。为了实现行政听证的立法目的，保证行政效率和公共利益，大多数国家的立法将其概括限定在行政机关作出的对相对人不利的行政行为之中，并规定了一些排除和例外情况。而且，根据听证自身性质又可以将其作不同的划分，有的听证法律作了严格的程序要求，不依法举行，即构成程序上违法；有的则可以采取较为灵活的形式。我国行政听证制度创立不久，适用范围明显过窄，今后应借鉴国外的做法。逐步将其拓宽。

On the Hearing System Application and Perfection

Hearing is called to be soul and key of contemporary procedural law of administration. To achieve its legislative goal, ensure administration efficiency and bringing about public benefits, most countries' law limit it in disadvantageous administrative action for party, and provide certain conditions to remove it. Meanwhile, bearing itself has different kinds. Some of them are strictly demanded on procedure by law. If administration doesn't hold them in accordance with the law, it shall be illegal on procedure. While others are not, administration can take flexible forms. Hearing of administration was founded only several years in our country. Its scope of application is quite narrow. We shall use the experience of other countries for reference and expand it.