中国古代科技专门教育研究

中国古代科技专门教育开展时间之早、规模之大,在世界范围内首屈一指.科技专门教育以算学、医学、天文、历法为主体,隋唐、宋元时期有了较大发展,明清时期趋于衰落.它的设立和发展,一方面标志着科技教育有了合法地位,专业化程度提高,科技队伍愈益壮大,促进了应用学科的发展,适应了社会的需求;另一方面由于官办性质,极易受到政治因素的干扰,并强化了科技的实用性质,把专业人员推入"吏"的阶层.它的管理制度、教学方法、教学内容对科技发展也有消极的影响.

On Specialized Science Education in Ancient China

China is the first in the world to start specialized science education in terms of time and scale. Science education, chiefly mathematics, medicine, astronomy, calendar system, etc., developed rapidly in Sui, Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, but declined in Ming and Qing dynasties. Its establishment and development in ancient China marked the legal position of science and technology education, the high level of specialization, and the strengthening of personnel's engaged in science and technology, which promoted the development of applied science and met the demands of the society. On the other hand, because of the governmental involvement, it was easily affected by the political factors, which made the science and technology more pragmatic. And the professionals were classified as officials. Its management system, teaching methods and contents all had negative impact on the development of science and technology.