两种仰泳出发技术的运动学特征研究

通过对运动员两种仰泳出发技术的预备姿势、离台阶段、腾空阶段、入水阶段和头到达指定距离的时间进行了有关运动学特征的比较和分析。结果表明,脚出水面仰泳出发技术的预备姿势重心高,离壁角度大,离壁速度快,双手空中移动速度快,手入水距离远,入水角度较小;从水下滑行到5m、7.5m段的时间看,脚出水面仰泳出发技术的优势明显,脚出水面的仰泳出发技术优于脚不出水面的仰泳出发技术。

Research Sports Feature on Two Backstroke Start in Swimming

Evaluated comparisons were made on swimmers＇ kinetics attributes in different phase of the event,explicitly they are set preparatory stage,set-off stage,flight phase,diving moment and then the phase of underwater-slide.Result shows that among the two techniques,the skill feet over water backstroke start enjoy better than the feet under water,including： the preparatory stage weight,the angle of the off-pool wall,the velocity of the release pool,the velocity of the arms in the air,the distance of the arms entry water,the angle of the entrying water,the time of the underwater-slide to 5m and 7.5m,the feet over water.The feet over water backstroke start technique of the high level backstroke swimmer is better than the feet underwater,which is more than the other general swimmers.The overwater backstroke start technique should be pay more attention,the research data can be reference for training and teaching.