楚国户籍制度简论

春秋战国时期,由于控制人口和增加赋税的需要,促使户籍制度应运而生。春秋时期的书社组织是一个具有一定人口和方域土地的地缘编组单位,又是国家政权的基层组织单位,最早的户籍制度就是由书社组织的人口统计功能转化而来。战国时期户籍制度迅速发展,楚简中有反映战国时期楚国通过登记人口来统计民数,区分身份来划分不同等级的权利和承担不同赋役的相关材料。通过对户籍的管理来实现社会控制,证明战国时期楚国已经具有了明确的户籍管理制度。

Chu's Household Registration System

During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period,the household registration system was born in response to the needs of controlling population and increasing taxes.During the Spring and Autumn Period,Shushe Organization was a geographical units of certain population and land,and was also the primary organizational units of state power.The first household registration system originated from the demography function of Shushe Organization.During the Warring States Period,the rapid development of the household registration system was reflected in ChuJian.Chu State totalized the number of people by registering population,distinguishing identity to show different rights and burdened taxes and corvée.Governors achieved social control by the household registration management,which proved that Chu State has been a clear household registration system during the Warring States Period.