民事诉讼中非法证据的证据能力

民事诉讼中证据已经由对证据能力几无限制转变为在何种情况下以及何种范围内会发生证据能力欠缺的问题。在民事诉讼的规范目的内,通过实体利益与程序利益的衡量,兼顾违法取证行为的影响,可以得出关于非法证据的一般规则。在三种情形下,即证据的取得违反宪法基本权利、严重侵害他人合法权益、违反法律禁止性规定,所得证据原则上应予以排除。在这三种情形之外,对于非法证据的证据能力应由法官在个案中综合考量,通过利益权衡决定。

The Competency of Illegally Obtained Evidence in Civil Actions

There was almost no limit about the competency of evidence in civil actions. But now it is quite a topic a- bout the range of competency of illegally obtained evidence in civil actons. The general rules of illegally obtained evidence should consider the purpose of civil procedure, the balance of procedural law and substantive law, and the effect of illegal behavior to obtain evidence. Illegally obtained evidence should be excluded in principle in three ca- ses, namely the evidence obtained in violation of the constitutional basic rights, seriously infringed on rights and in- terests, and in violation of the prohibited provisions. Otherwise, as for the competency illegally obtained evidence, it depends on the judge, who consider all the circumstance, balancing the legal rights and interests, and make a decision.