准备运动引入肌肉静态拉伸对少儿运动能力的影响

目的:少儿剧烈运动前必须做好充分的准备运动,但消耗大量的体能,严重影响运动成绩的发挥;本研究寻求解决该矛盾。方法:对集训队员随机分组:实验组在准备运动引入肌肉静态拉伸运动,对照组依照传统方式进行,实施三个月后进行模拟比赛,测定运动成绩。结果和结论:发现实验组能够把分布于躯干深部的短肌兴奋性调动起来;牵拉肌肉激活神经元;改变骨骼肌物理特性的粘滞性;适当降低运动过程中心率;降低能量的消耗。准备运动引入肌肉静态拉伸运动,能够提高少儿耐力性和全能运动项目的运动成绩(耐力P<0.05 ;全能P<0.001)。建议:少年儿童耐力性运动项目,准备运动引入肌肉静态拉伸,有利于充分发挥运动能力。

The Influence of Adding Static Muscle Stretch to Warm-up on Children''''s Athletic Ability

Purpose:Sufficient warm-up is necessary in children before doing intensive exercise,but the energy expen-diture is high,which will dramatically reduce their performance.And this article is about trying to solve this contra-diction.Methods:Randomly divide the selected teen athletes into2groups-subject and control,identically in num-ber and other parameters,and test their sports performance in form of competition after3months'of training by warming up differently:for the subject group,adding static muscle stretch to traditional warm up;and for the control group,using traditional warm up only.Results:The excitability of internal short muscles was significantly higher in the subject group,which could be important to activate the muscle neurons,reduce energy expenditure,and reduce heart rate during intensive exercise.Conclusion:Adding static muscle stretch to warm-up on children before exercise could improve the performance in children's endurance and all-round sports.(P<0.05;all-round sports P<0.001