Detergents — Zeolites and enzymes excel cleaning power

Presently used detergent formulations generally consist of surfactants, builder and cobuilder, bleaching agents, additives for secondary benefits and enzymes. Zeolites are basically hydrated crystalline aluminium silicates which function as ion exchangers and make the water soft by removing calcium, magnesium and other ions. The different zeolite types A, P, X and AX and their advantages over previously used phosphate builders are described. The emphasis on compact detergents has increased the demand for zeolite builders. Enzymes in detergent formulations are stable at high pH and temperature and remove the stubborn stains of proteins and lipids by converting the larger stains into smaller water soluble fragments. Enzymatic detergent requires low workable temperature, low mechanical energy and is less toxic and non-corrosive.