中职生的升学选择及影响因素研究——基于全国10660名中职生的调查

基于中等职业教育基础性转向的政策背景，通过对全国10660位中职生的问卷调查，研究了影响我国中职生升学的若干因素。研究发现：中职生具有很高的升学意愿，且以本科为主要期望学历；毕业班和学习自我效能感强的中职生更可能选择升学；学生干部身份和学校生涯教育质量会影响中职生升学意愿；家庭对中职生升学与否的影响主要体现在经济、文化和社会资本，但影响方式和程度与普高生存在差异；对省域中职升学政策的了解和认同会促进学生升学，而对就业市场和本科招生政策的了解和认同会削弱中职生升学意愿。基于此，未来应从职教本科办学规模、高等职业教育招考机制、央地项目设置、公共财政兜底、生涯教育和升学指导等方面优化中职升学环境。

Higher Education Choice of Secondary Vocational School Students and Its Influencing Factors: Based on the Survey of 10660 Secondary Vocational School Students in China

Based on the policy background of the shift of secondary vocational education toward basic vocational education, through the questionnaire survey of 10660 secondary vocational school students in China, this study investigated the factors affecting the decision of further education of secondary vocational school students. The study found that secondary vocational students had a high willingness to enter higher education, and undergraduate education was the main expectation; Graduates and secondary vocational students with a strong sense of learning self-efficacy were more likely to choose to enter higher education; The identity of student cadres and the perceived quality of school career education would affect the willingness of secondary vocational school students to enter higher education; The family''s influence on vocational students'' admission to higher education is mainly reflected in economic, cultural and social capital, but the ways and degrees of influence were different from those of ordinary high school students. The understanding and recognition of the provincial secondary vocational school college entrance policy will promote students to enter higher education, while the understanding and recognition of the employment market and undergraduate enrollment policy will weaken secondary vocational school students'' willingness to enter higher education. Based on this, it is suggested that government should 1) steadily expand the scale of running and enrollment of vocational undergraduate education, and implement undergraduate education and its enrollment mechanism that reflect the characteristics of vocational education; 2) Dynamically adjust the relationship between fairness and efficiency in the reform of enrollment system based on the provincial situation, and improve the adaptability of enrollment policy; 3) Promote the balanced development of secondary vocational education in urban and rural areas through the complementarity of central and local projects, and give full play to the role of public finance in ensuring the enrollment of vocational school students; 4) Promote the deep integration of career education and professional education in secondary vocational schools, and improve the accessibility of enrollment information and the refinement of enrollment guidance.