彝族史诗《梅葛》的传承方式研究

梅葛的传承方式是口耳相传.传承形式可分为纯正传承型的与原始宗教信仰粘合在一起的毕摩的各种祭辞的传承;另一种是因时而变、融入生活,与世俗生活相结合的歌手演唱的创造型.史诗在展演与流传的口头程式中,起决定作用的是内在文法,而非书面文本的规范性.《梅葛》没有文字的记载,毕摩、歌手皆是靠耳听心记史诗的内容曲调,在各种展演场域反复演练,形成以传统为取向的“大脑文本”.

Research on the Initiation and Inheriting Mode of Yi Epic 'Mei Ge'

Using ear hear and heart memory is the 'Mei Ge's initiation and inheriting mode.It forms can be separated into two method.One is purity initiation and inheriting mixtured with the words from offering sacrifices to gods of originality religion belief;the other one is creation type which is since change from time to time with the combination of life and secular life that singer sings.Inner grammer takes decision to epic's development and spreading in the oral formal,not the standardness of written text.'Mei Ge'has no writing record,Bimo and singer are to learn all by using ear hear and heart memory,relapse performance and practice in various place,and forming into tradition'cerebrum text'.