企业学习能力与研发合作契约稳定性

企业的学习效应一方面提高了企业获得、吸收外部技术的能力,一方面企业的学习效应又成为企业的研发合作不稳定因素的来源。本文建立了一个动态模型,分析了企业学习效应(包括学习能力,合作学习时间)如何改变了合作双方对转移支付的谈判地位,从而导致合作中断的原因,即学习能力较强的企业较之另一方获得更多"可再利用"知识以及技能,从而增强了讨价还价能力,如果对方不接受其提出的条件,合作关系将被中断。在合作研发双方企业的学习能力为常数时,随着合作研发中相互时间的延长,投入努力较多的一方,从而也是投入专用性资产较多的一方,在再谈判中处于不利地位。但是随着合作研发周期的延长,情况发生了有利于投入努力较多一方的变化。本文还回答了在学习能力特别强和学习特别弱两种极端情况下合作研发关系易于瓦解的原因。

Learning ability and the stability of the R&D cooperation

On one hand, learning could improve the firm's ability to absorb and acquire the external techniques. On the other hand, the learning could make the R&D cooperation instable. A dynamic model is built in this article and it is used to analyze how learning(include learning ability, learning period) changes the firm's ability to bargain. That is, the firm with higher ability to learn could acquire more"re-deployable" asset including techniques and skills outside the specific relationship and it could increase its bargain power, and the cooperation will break up if the other party does not accept the new offer. When the learning ability is constant, the party investing more effort or more specific assets gains a worse position in bargaining with the other party. When the R&D project need more time to complete, the party investing more effort or more specific assets gains a better position. In addition, this paper answers why the cooperating agreement is easy to collapse when one party has extreme high or low ability in learning.