西部民族地区城乡义务教育一体化发展的实证研究——基于H省的调研

以西部地区为例,构建民族地区城乡义务教育一体化指数、测算2005年和2009年5个少数民族自治县指数得分的研究显示:通过增加教育投入城乡义务教育一体化发展水平有了较大提高,但仍处于较低水平状态。实证分析发现:财政分权体制和经济发展水平是影响城乡义务教育发展的主要内因,而教育改革政策是促进财政体制分配方向调整的重要外因。建议西部民族地区应合理分配省级政府与市级、县(区)级政府之间的财政份额,增加县(区)级政府的财政支出比例,加大省级统筹义务教育经费的力度。

An Empirical Study on Integrated Development of Urban and Rural Compulsory Education in Western Ethnic Regions

A study was made on indexes of integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education in ethnic regions through calculating indexes of five ethnic minority autonomous counties in 2005 and 2009.The results show that the level of integrated development of compulsory education in both urban and rural areas is still rather low though great achievements have been made through educational input.An empirical analysis shows that fiscal decentralization system and economic development level are the main internal causes to hinder the integrated development,while education reform policy is an important external cause to promote allocation adjustment of financial system.Suggestions are put forward to make reasonable distribution of fiscal share between governments at provincial and county(district) levels,increase fiscal expenditure ratio of counties(districts) and increase overall budget for compulsory education at provincial level.