运动促进线粒体功能在改善神经退行性疾病中的分子机制

神经退行性疾病是一种以中枢神经系统或外周神经系统神经元结构和功能丧失为特征的神经系统疾病。线粒体功能障碍是阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病等多种常见神经退行性疾病的早期病理特征。大量研究表明运动可明显改善神经退行性病变症状，然而其调节机制目前还不清楚。鉴于运动是促进线粒体合成、活性与功能的重要调节因素，并且线粒体功能变化在神经退行性病变中发挥重要作用。主要从线粒体角度阐述运动对神经退行性疾病的影响及可能机制，包括线粒体生物合成、线粒体ROS和氧化应激、线粒体动力学、线粒体质量控制，为运动防治神经退行性疾病提供理论支持。

Molecular Mechanisms of Exercise Promoting Mitochondrial Function in Ameliorating Neurodegenerative Diseases

Neurodegenerative disease is a neurological disease characterized by the loss of structure and function of neurons in the central or peripheral nervous system. Mitochondrial dysfunction is an early pathological feature of many common neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer''s disease, Parkinson''s disease, and Huntington''s disease. A large number of studies have shown that exercise can significantly improve the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases, but its regulatory mechanism is still unclear. In view of the fact that exercise is an important regulatory factor to promote mitochondrial synthesis, activity and function, and mitochondrial functional changes play an important role in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, in this paper, the effects of exercise on neurodegenerative diseases and its possible mechanisms are elaborated from the perspective of mitochondria, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial ROS and oxidative stress, mitochondrial kinetics, and mitochondrial quality control, which will provide theoretical support for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases by exercise.