国家体制中的民族管理制度类型及其成因

本文在界定民族管理制度基础上,按其功能将民族管理制度分类为:以生态生计管理为基础形成的生产及保障为一体的管理制度;以杜绝或禁止人与自然、人与人关系中的负面行为为主的禁忌制度;以彰显民族凝聚力为目标的鼓励性仪式制度。其成因是:不同生态环境是每个民族形成不同管理制度的基础;在不同生态环境基础上创造的生计方式是民族管理制度建立的雏形;民族作为群体是民族管理制度形成和存在的载体;民族文化进一步巩固和强化了民族管理制度。

Types of the Ethnic Management System and their Causal Relations

The paper first gives a definition on the ethnic management system and then classifies it into different types according to its functions as follows: the type of integrating production with security based on the management of ecology and livelihood,the taboo type that prohibits the negative actions between man and nature and among human beings,and the encouraging ritual type with the goal of enhancing the national cohesive force.Their causal relations find expression in the establishment of different management systems in different eco-environments,the early forms of the management system with different kinds of livelihood in different eco-environments,the ethnic groups as the creator and the carrier of such system,and ethnic cultures that help strengthen such system.