回鹘文社会经济文书研究百年回顾

在敦煌、吐鲁番、哈密、库车、莎车等地相继出土的数百件回鹘文社会经济文书中，内容涉及古代回鹘人文化生活、土地制度、赋役制度、高利贷、阶级关系、民族关系、社会习俗及宗教等诸多方面，对于研究９－１４世纪的回鹘社会历史具有重要价值，百年来一直深受国内外学术界的重视，涌现出相当多的研究成果。本文对２０世纪的这些成果进行了总结。

The Study of Uighur Social and Economic Documents: A Review of the field and Its Prospects

The Uighur social and economic documents discovered in Turpan,Yarkend,Hami of Xinjiang Uighur automatic Region and Dunhuang of Gansu Province,etc. are preserved in various countries, such as China, Germany, England, France, Russian, Japan, Turkey, Finland.As dis- tinguished from Buddhist or other religious documents, these secular papers, in particularly juridical materials,including contracts and similar type of written evidence, as well as official or private records, are valuable for the study of the Uighur history of culture,social relations,economy,rela- tionship between various nationalities, and custom. Since the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century,a majority of the Uighur social and economic documents have been published. We know that the collections throughout the world contain about 400 texts. Although certain errors were contained in previous publications, further research will be able to make corrections. Today, the study of Uighur texts has entered a new era.