The information exchange groups experiment |
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Authors: | Eugene A Confrey |
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Institution: | (1) Division of Research Grants, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland |
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Abstract: | From 1961 through 1966, the National Institutes of Health operated a facility for the rapid distribution of unevaluated preprints
to research workers—an obvious precursor of many of the activities taking place today on the Internet. The experiment began
with 32 researchers in a single Information Exchange Group (IEG). It grew to seven IEGs with total membership over 3600. During
1966, more than 1.5 million copies of preprints were produced and distributed. Considerable enthusiasm was generated among
researchers who valued the speed of dissemination. Critics charged that the quality of the average preprint deteriorated with
increased participation. They also noted that the unplanned burdens on production had often delayed receipt of the preprints
until after they had appeared as formally reviewed journal papers. During this period, the Atomic Energy Commission had mounted
a similar experimental program of “written informal communications” that was limited to theoretical high energy physics.
Note: The NIH experiment ended as described by this summary, which was published inScience (154:843, 18 Nov. 1966). Obviously, no one wished to pay for it any longer. Despite the efforts of librarians at NIH, National
Library of Medicine, and National Technical Information Services, we have not been able to locate the promised final report—A.H. |
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