基于森林资源清查的迪庆州森林生物量及生产力研究

利用森林蓄积量推算森林生物量和生产力的方法和GIS技术，系统研究了迪庆州森林类型的植被生产力。结果表明，虽迪庆州主要森林类型的植被生产力与中国主要森林植被生产力一致，但其平均生物量及平均生产力高于中国平均水平，这一结果符合迪庆林情，说明材积推算生物量法（材积源生物量法）适合用于该区域森林植被生产力研究；迪庆州森林总生物量为2．22亿t，其中乔木林2．15亿t，灌木林（含疏林和竹林）0．07亿t；乔木林和灌木林的总生产力分别为1723．77万t/a和386．25万t／a；各乡镇乔木林／森林的总生物量呈现随与澜沧江和金沙江距离的增加而增大；澜沧江和金沙江干流流经乡镇的森林具有较低的生物量和较高的生产力。因此，迪庆州林分改造与生态建设的毒点将是澜涂江和金沙江两岸的河谷地带。

A Study on Forest Biomass and Productivity Using Forest Inventory Data in Diqing

Forest is one of the primary forms of terrestrial ecosystems, which has been recognized as both a source and a sink of atmospheric carbon and plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. Studying forest biomass and productivity would be helpful for studies of carbon storage in forest ecosystems. Since science magazine has published the paper by Fang et al.(2001, 291: 2320-2322), in which, forest biomass carbon and its changes in China in the past 50 years were examined using field measurements and forest inventory database combined with the Biomass Expansion Factor (BEF) method, forest vegetation biomass and productivity in China and at regional scales were subsequently examined using the BEF method. Biological production and its spatial pattern over Diqing were examined here. It was found that the estimated value of the main forests'biological productivity in Diqing were generally consistent with that of China. The average biomass and productivity of Diqing were both higher than the mean values of China. The total forest biomass was calculated as 222×10⁶t, of which 215×10⁶t is for arbor forests and 7.0×10⁶ t is for shrub forests (i.e., bamboo forest, shrubbery, and sparse forest). The total net production was estimated to be 17.24×10⁶t·a^-1 for arbor forest and 3.86×10⁶ t·a^-1 for forest vegetation. The values of total arbor or forest biomass in Diqing were found to increase with the distance to the Lancang River or Jinsha River. Towns with lower mean biomass and higher net production of forests were mainly distributed along the main stems. It is suggested that both valleys of the Lancang River and Jinsha River be the key stand improvement and ecological construction areas of Diqing.