中草药提取物对植物病菌抑制和病害防治作用

测定了中草药对植物病原真菌的室内抑菌作用和田间防效.结果表明,白藓皮对小麦赤霉病、小麦纹枯病菌、小麦黑粉病菌、番茄灰霉病菌、番茄早疫病菌的菌丝生长,对番茄早疫病菌、番茄灰霉病菌、小麦赤霉病菌的孢子萌发具有较强抑制作用,0.2 g/mL白藓皮对番茄早疫病、番茄灰霉病、小麦赤霉病的防效分别为76.3%、82.3%和75.1%;胡椒对小麦纹枯病菌、小麦黑粉病菌、番茄早疫病菌、山芋黑疤病菌的菌丝生长,对番茄早疫病菌孢子萌发具有较强抑制作用,0.2 g/mL胡椒对番茄早疫病防效为74.5%;甘草对番茄早疫病菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发有较强抑制作用,0.2 g/mL甘草对番茄早疫病防效为70.9%.

Antifungal Activity of Extract from Herbs on Plant Pathogenic Fungi and its Control Effect on Diseases

The antifungal activities of extract from herbs on plant pathogenic fungi and field control effect on plant diseases were tested.The result showed that Dictamnus dasycarpus had strong antifungal activities on Fusarium graminearum,Rhizotonia solani,Ustilage tritici,Botryis cinerea and Alternaria solani's mythel growth,and on Fusarium graminearum,Botryis cinerea and Alternaria solani's condium germination.The field control effect of 0.2g/mL Dictamnus dasycarpus on tomato early blight was 76.3%,on tomato gray mold was 82.3%,and on weat head blight was 75.1%,respectively.Pepper nigrum had strong antifungal activities on Rhizotonia solani,Ustilage tritici,Botryis cinerea and Ceratocystis fimbriata's mycelial growth,and on Alteranria solani's conidium germination.The field control effect of 0.2g/mL Pepper nigrum was 74.5%.Glyrrhixa uralensis had strong antifungal activity on Alternaria solani.The field control effect of 0.2 g/mL Glyrrhixa uralensis on tomato early blight was 70.9%.