4760例孕中期产前筛查和产前诊断产妇随访结果分析

目的：探讨孕中期产前筛查和产前诊断在临床中的应用和意义。方法：应用时间分辨法,以血清AFP、β-HCG作为指标,对4 760例在孕15～20＋6周孕妇进行产前筛查,对筛查为高风险的孕妇进行一对一的遗传咨询和产前诊断,并在产后3月内对其分娩结局进行随访观察。结果：随访中发现有不同程度畸形、流产、死胎等不良妊娠共29例：高风险者6例,低风险者23例。其中羊水染色体异常2例、超声检查检出各种畸形（开放性神经管畸形如脊柱裂、小头畸形、脑膨出等）6例、内脏畸形（如先心病、肾发育不良、胎儿宫内发育异常等）5例。不明原因死胎、晚期流产3例,21-三体新生儿1例（产前筛查唐氏高风险而拒绝羊水穿刺细胞学检查所致）。结论：孕中期产前筛查和产前诊断可降低出生缺陷的发生。

An Analysis of Maternal Follow-up Results of 4760 Cases of Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis

Objective： To explore clinical application and significance of prenatal screening and diagnosis. Methods： Time-resolved method was used with serum AFP, 13 - HCG as indicators in 4 760 pregnant women with pregnancyl5-20Sweeks for prenatal screening. For high risk pregnant women, genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis were provided, and in the postpartum period, the delivery outcome follow-up observation was done. Results： In the follow-up, we found 29 cases of varying degrees of deformity, abortion, stillbirth and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. 6 cases were of high risk; 23 were of low risk. The amniotic fluid chromosome abnormalities existed in 2 cases; ultrasonic examination in detection of various malformations： open neural tube defects such as spina bifida, microeephaly, encephaloc in 6 cases; visceral malformations such as congenital heart disease, renal dysplasia, intrauterine fetal growth abnormalities in 5 cases; an unexplained stillbirth, late abortion in 3 cases. 21- trisomy 1 newborn in 1 case （prenatal screening for Down＇s risk to the amniotic fluid puncture cytology）. Conclusion： Prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis can decrease the incidence of birth defects.