黑乳海参硫酸化多糖的提取纯化、结构特征及其抗凝活性

目的：研究黑乳海参（Holothuria nobilis Selenka）中硫酸化多糖类型、理化性质及抗凝活性。方法：利用化学和物理相结合的分离方法进行纯化，采用色谱、化学、光谱等方法对其纯度、化学组成、分子量、特性黏度、旋光度、凝血活性等进行分析。结果：分离获得F—I、F—II两种多糖组分。F—I由葡萄糖醛酸、乙酰氨基半乳糖、岩藻糖和硫酸基（摩尔比1．00：0．96：1．18：2．99）组成；F-II仅由岩藻糖和硫酸基（摩尔比1．00：0．51）；它们的理化性质显著不同，前者的抗凝效价约为后者的6倍。结论：黑乳海参中至少存在两种不同的硫酸化多糖，岩藻糖化糖胺聚糖和α-L-硫酸化岩藻聚糖，均具有强的抗凝血活性。

Extraction, Purification, Structure Characteristics and Anticoagulation of the Sulfated Polysaccharides from the Sea Cucumber Holothuria nobilis

Objective： To study the polysaccharide types, physicochemical properties and anticoagulant activities of sulfated polysaceharides from the sea cucumber Holothuria nobilis Selenka. Methods： Sulfated polysaccharides were purified by methods of chemistry and physics. Physicochemical properties and biological activities of the saccharides, such as purity, chemical composition, molecular weight, intrinsic viscosity, optical rotation and anticoagulant activities were determined by methods of chromatography, chemistry, spectrum technologies, etc. Results： The polysaccharides were separated into two fractions, F-I and F-II, respectively. The components of F-I were identified as glucuronic acid, aminogalactose, fucan and sulfate （molar ratio 1.00：0.96：1.18：2.99）; F-II contained only fucan and sulfate （molar ratio 1.00：0.51 ）. The two polysaccharides were significantly different in the physicochemical properties, and F-I had 6 times of anticoagulant potency compared to the F-II. Conclusion： The sea cucumber H. nobilis contains at least two types of sulfated polysaceharides, a fucosylated glycosaminoglycan sulfate and a sulfated α-L-fuean which have anticoagulant activities.