关于北宋东京外城城垣及里城、宫城的城壕问题

北宋东京外城城垣始建于后周时期，入宋以后虽经多次修茸，只是增高和加厚，城坦乃是作直线的长方形；里城在北宋时期有城壕的存在。真宗时经广济河里外城壕可以相通；宫城之外就是民居，还曾有诸位次内小屋子和仪鸾司木场子，没有城壕的存在。

An Investigation of the Outer City Wall and the Moats of the Inner City and the Palace City of Dongjing the Capital of the North Song Dynasty

The wall of the outer city of the capital of the Song d ynasty was originally bulit in the period of the Later Zhou dynasty (951-900). A fter the founding of the Song dynasty, it was renovated many times but was only increased in its thickness and height and the city still remained recutangular. For the internal city, there still existed city moat which could link with that of the outer city through the Guangji River in the regency of Emperior Zhenzong (998-1022).Out of the palace city were housing areas, still were some small hou ses and woodworking fields belonging to Yiluan Office, but there was no moat.