从“林泉之心”到“山水之乐”的审美体验过程

人对山水的审美体验活动，是主体对客体的审美观照活动。人对山水或主体对客体采取审美态度，首先必须具备超功利、超道德、摆脱理性意识的“林泉之心”，只有这样才能感受到山水审美活动所带来的精神愉悦。从心理学的角度来分析，这一审美体验活动要经历从感官的愉悦到精神的超越的过程，即先是耳目之欣悦，继之而来的是心灵的律动，到最后则是“目不知毫素，心不知笔墨”的生命愉悦。如此，审美主体不但对客体有了深刻的认识和把握，而且对其自身也是一次精神的提升，使自己从现实生活中世俗的人转变为一个“佳意好景亦看不出，幽情美趣亦想不成”的审美的人。

The Process of Aesthetic Learning From Sensual Joy to Spiritual Elevation

In order to have an aesthetic attitude toward the objective world, one needs to possess a mind that is above utility, morality and ration. From the psychological perspective, this aesthetic learning undergoes a process from the sensual joy to the spiritual elevation. Thus, one gains not only an intrinsic understanding of the nature, but also a spiritual elevation of his part.