明万历间延绥中路边墙的沙壅问题——兼谈生态环境研究中的史料运用

万历二年至三十八年延绥中路边墙外,出现平墙大沙。这不是人为所致。因为明初河套基本是无人地带,正统至成化十二年,前后约四十年,延绥军民确实曾经入套垦殖但总体规模不大。成化十二年以后,明令禁止,且蒙古部落在套内活动日益频繁,入套垦殖结束。所以百年以后,万历间大规模沙壅平墙的现象是自然界突变的结果。又,目前生态环境研究中,对史料不作具体分析,随文按需摘引的做法,是不科学的。

PROBLEM OF SANDBAR ALONG THE FRONTIER WALL IN THE HALFWAY OF YAN-SUI ROAD IN WANLI PERIOD OF THE MING DYNASTY--Discussing the application of historical data in the environmental study simultaneously

Sandbars being level with the frontier wall appeared outside the wall up the Yan-Sui Road in the years of 2-38 in the period of Emperor Wali, which was not man-made, for few people were in the Great Bend of the Huanghe River in early days of the Ming Dynasty. The army and people of the Yan-Sui area did enter there to open up wasteland for about 40 years from the period of Emperor Zhentong to the period of the first 12 years of Emperor Chenghua, but its scope was not large at all. Entering the Great Bend of the Huanghe River and opening up wasteland were proscribed by the formal decree after the period of the first 12 years of Emperor Chenghua. Meanwhile Mongol tribes were operating tbere increasingly. So a century later, sandbars being level with the wall were the result of spontanuous mutation in nature. Besides, it is not scientific to quote the historical data according to the need instead of making concrete analysis in the contemporary environmental researches.