多层面视角下谦卑型领导与科学创造力研究

谦卑型领导与创造力的关系是当前组织变革情境下的新兴研究主题，但以往研究多局限在单一层面。本研究认为全面理解团队领导者如何有效激发科技创新，亟待区分个体导向和团队导向的谦卑型领导及其对个体和团队层面科学创造力的独特影响。采用来自全国78所高校100个科技创新团队404名理工科大学生的多层次数据，检验了多层次导向谦卑型领导对个体与团队科学创造力的独立与交互影响。研究发现：在个体层面，个体导向谦卑型领导正向影响个体科学创造力，个体观点采择中介了这一积极影响；在团队层面，团队导向谦卑型领导正向影响团队科学创造力，团队观点采择中介了这一积极影响；团队观点采择构成了一个跨层次的情境因素，不仅调节了个体观点采择对个体科学创造力的影响，还调节了个体导向谦卑型领导通过个体观点采择影响个体科学创造力的间接效应，当团队观点采择水平较高时上述效应均更强。最后讨论了研究的理论贡献和实践启示。

An Investigation of Humble Leadership on Scientific Creativity from the Multi-Level Perspective

he relationship between humble leadership and creativity is an emerging research topic in the context of organizational change, but most of the previous studies were limited to a single level. We argue that it is necessary to distinguish between individual-focused and team-focused humble leadership and their unique influences on individual and team level scientific creativity to fully understand how team leaders stimulate science and technology innovation effectively. Using multi-level data from 404 science and engineering undergraduates of 100 science and technology innovation teams across 78 universities in China, we examine the independent and interactive effects of multi-level focused humility leadership on individual and team scientific creativity. The results show that: at the individual level, individual-focused humble leadership has a positive effect on individual scientific creativity, which is mediated by individual perspective taking. At the team level, team-focused humble leadership has a positive effect on team scientific creativity, and team perspective taking mediates this positive effect. Furthermore, team perspective taking constructs a cross-level situational factor, which not only moderates the effect of individual perspective taking on individual scientific creativity, but also moderates the indirect effect of individual-focused humble leadership on individual scientific creativity through individual perspective taking. The above effects are stronger when team perspective taking is high. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications are discussed.