大数据时代的科学知识共生产：内涵、特征与争议

大数据时代的科学知识已经表现出明显的“共生产”特点。研究发现，这种“共生产”具有知识生产的目标对象从少量数据到海量数据、知识生产的组织模式从相对独立到聚合协作、科学知识的增长模式从理论驱动到数据驱动、科学知识的产品形式从因果关系到相关关系等特征。同时，科学知识的“共生产”还带来了基于大数据的知识生产是否进入了科学研究的新范式、科学研究资源是否将被持续分化和集中、基于数据的知识生产是否将面临越来越强烈的机械路径依赖、不同学科的研究模式是否将遭到不同程度的分化等几个方面的社会争议。

Coproduction of Science Knowledge in Big Data Era:Connotation,Characteristics and Controversy

Science knowledge production in big data era has shows obvious coproduction characteristics.The coproduction has new characteristics of objects of science production from small amount to huge amount,organization mode of science production from relative independence to collaboration,growth mode of science knowledge from theory-driven to data-driven and product forms of science knowledge from causal relationship to relevant relationship.At the same time coproduction of science knowledge has brought four social controversies:if the knowledge production based on big data has entered into a new paradigm of science research,if the resources of science research will be differentiated and concentrated,if knowledge production based on data will be faced with stronger and stronger mechanical path dependence,if research modes of different subjects will be differentiated inordinately.