创业生态系统下新创企业的网络关系特性

创业生态系统下新创企业与其他主体间建立的网络关系，能够帮助其获取关键资源、开发创业机会，支持并推动其生存和发展。然而，现有研究主要采用一般创业网络关系特性衡量创业生态系统下新创企业的网络关系，忽视了其具有的独特性以及在创业活动中发挥的重要作用。因此，本研究在文献梳理的基础上对定性访谈材料进行编码分析，深入探析创业生态系统下新创企业的网络关系特性内涵和维度，依据规范的开发程序编制初始测量量表，对问卷调查所获得326份有效问卷进行探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析以及信效度检验。研究结果表明，创业生态系统下新创企业的网络关系具有异质性、多重性和变化性，最终形成的测量量表具有较强的稳定性和可靠性，为未来研究奠定理论基础并提供相应测量工具。

Network relationship characteristic of new venture in the entrepreneurial ecosystem : dimension analysis and scale development

The network relationship established between new ventures and other actors in the entrepreneurial ecosystem can help them obtain key resources, develop entrepreneurial opportunities, promote their survival and development. However, the existing studies directly use the characteristics of general entrepreneurial network relationships to measure the network relationships built by new venture in the entrepreneurial ecosystem, seriously ignore the uniqueness of the network relationships in the entrepreneurial ecosystem, and it is more difficult to deeply reveal the role of the network relationships built by new venture in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Therefore, based on the literature analysis of entrepreneurial ecosystem, the paper encodes and analyzes the qualitative interview materials, and deeply analyzes the connotation and dimension of the network relationship characteristic, compiles the initial measurement scale according to the standardized scale development program, and then carries out exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and validity test on the data obtained from the questionnaire survey. The results show that the network relationship of new venture in the entrepreneurial ecosystem has three characteristics: heterogeneity, multiplicity and variability. The final measurement scale has strong stability and reliability, which lays a theoretical foundation and provides the corresponding measurement tool for future studies.