"文化诗学"视界中的屈原与《楚辞》

文章以“新历史主义”的视角 ,来观照中国学术中的“楚辞研究”。汉代以前的史书中几乎从未提到屈原 ,尤其是在楚国的史料中 ,屈原更是不见经传。历史上的屈原在出现新材料之前 ,可视为不可追寻。今日言说之屈原 ,只能是《史记》、《楚辞》及此后各类相关文本中的一个人物符号 ,一个相关话语的命名。历史文本中之屈原 ,乃是一个经改写、想象而被重构之屈原 ,是汉儒在大一统专制政治背景下 ,以汉族儒家文化的视角对一非中心的历史人物的想象性建构。屈原作品最初当以在民间口耳之间散播、流传的可能性最大。汉儒们解读、编纂、注释《楚辞》 ,实际上等于是为《楚辞》建构了一个“独尊儒术”的中心意义。

The Study of QuYuan in the Poetics of Culture

Since there is no necessary historical data proving the existence of QuYuan and who QuYuan was, QuYuan is considered not to be in search of before new material appear. The QuYuan we speak of nowadays is only a figure in the history, ChuCi and various relevant texts since then on. The QuYuan in historial texts is the Qu Yuan adapted, imagined and reconstructed, an imaginative construction of a non-center historied figure by the Han Dynastys confucianists under the unified domain autocratic political background, from the Han Nationality's Confucianist cultural point of view. It is most probable that Qu Yuan's work originally must have been spread and handed down orally. Confucianists in Han Dynasty explained, compiled and annotated Chu Ci, actually meant to constuct a central meaning of "worshiping Confucianists only" for Chu Ci.