试析马歇尔计划的背景、原因及其实质

马歇尔计划是第二次世界大战后美国援助欧洲的复兴计划,它成功地挽救了西欧濒于崩溃的经济,是战后美国对外政策中最成功的例子之一。美国实施这一计划不仅是为了西欧的经济复兴和美国的经济利益,而且还希望借助欧洲的经济复兴来遏制苏联,确保美国的霸权地位。与一般的经济援助计划相比,马歇尔计划首次提出了"欧洲一体化"的观念,为西欧的经济复兴指明了方向。西欧各国在马歇尔计划的促进下建立了一系列经济合作机构,为此后的西欧统一进程奠定了基础。

An Analysis of the Background,Reason and Characteristic of the Marshall Plan

The Marshall Plan was a reconstruction program launched by U.S. after the second world war, widely regarded as one of the most successfully foreign policies of U. S, which had successfully remedied the economic collapse of Europe. This program was not only to bring the economic interest to Europe and U. S, but also the way to contain Soviet Union, to assure the supremacy of U.S. Compared with the previous economic aid program, it was the Marshall Plan that first brought forward the idea of "European Integration", which gave the right direction to European economic recovery. Western European countries set up a series of economic cooperation organizations, which laid the foundation for the future process of European unification.