俄罗斯体制转型的路径分析

关于俄罗斯体制的路径选择，国际学术界盛行两种互为对立的观点。一种观点认为，俄罗斯社会独立之后，其体制转型的路径选择是权威主义的；另一种观点则认为，俄罗斯独立不久即选择了西方的代议民主制。事实上，俄罗斯体制转型的路径选择既不是权威主义也不是代议民主，而是介乎于二之间被称为委任民主的独特的政治形式。它从前继承了巩固权力的非民主方式，从后承袭了自由竞选。俄罗斯这一独特体制是其社会转型新的路径依赖的起点，也是我们据以判断其内外政策未来走向的基础。

An Analysis of Transitive Paths of Russia's System

With regard to the choice of Russia's institutional transitive paths, there are two opposite views prevailing in international academic circles. According to the first view, after independence of Russian society its choice of institutional transitive paths was authoritarian. And the other argues that Russia selected a Western democratic representative system shortly after its independence. In fact, the path choice of Russia's system transition is neither authoritarianism nor representative democracy, but commissioned democracy, a unique political system intermediating between the both. It carries on a non-democratic mode of strenthening power from the former, and inherits free competitive election from the latter. Such a distinct system is our ground to judge a future tendency of Russia's domestic and foreign policies, and also the starting point of the new path dependence for Russia's social transition.