牛庄“还堂案”与天主教传入东北

顺治康熙年间,天主教陆续传入东北。雍正乾隆年间清朝政府把天主教归入邪教,严厉禁止。第二次鸦片战争以后,西方列强攫取了中国内地传教权,从此教案不断,其中＂还堂＂纠纷往往成为导火索。本文所述牛庄＂还堂案＂,是同期全国众多＂还堂案＂中比较典型的一个,通过对此案的梳理和分析,我们会对第二次鸦片战争前后天主教传入东北的情况和特点有个大略的认识。

The Return of Church Property in Niuzhuang and the Introduction of Catholic into Northeast China

During Junji and Kangxi years,the Catholic began to be introduced into Northeast China.While during Yongzheng’s and Qianlong’s dominance,the Qing government classified Catholic as cults,and it was strictly prohibited.After the Second Opium War,the Western powers grabbed China’s own Missionary right.Among the struggles,Church disputes often became the fuse.The The return of church property in Niuzhuang described in this article is more typical of the same period among the number of Church case.Through sorting out and analyzing the case,we will have a rough understanding of characteristics of Catholic in the Northeast China after the second Opium War.