亲子关系、同伴压力、学校活动卷入与农村中小学生吸烟饮酒行为的关系

以683名农村中小学生为研究对象,考察了农村中小学生吸烟饮酒行为的特点及其与亲子关系、同伴压力和学校活动卷入的关系。结果发现:(1)10.70%的农村中小学生报告曾有过吸烟行为,14.80%报告曾有过饮酒行为,不同性别和年级的农村中小学生吸烟饮酒行为差异显著,不同留守状况的农村中小学生的吸烟行为差异显著,但饮酒行为差异不显著;(2)亲子关系可以直接预测农村中小学生的吸烟饮酒行为,同伴压力和学校活动卷入在亲子关系与中小学生吸烟饮酒行为关系中发挥着部分中介作用;(3)学校活动卷入对农村中小学生吸烟饮酒行为的总效应值与亲子关系差异不大,且均大于同伴压力。提醒研究者除了关注家庭和同伴这两个影响中小学生吸烟饮酒行为的常规因素外,尤其要关注学校因素对农村中小学生群体吸烟饮酒行为的重要影响。

On the Relationship Between Rural Juveniles' Smoking/Drinking and the Parent-Child Relationship, Peer Pressure,and Involvement in School Activities

This study,by surveying 683 primary and secondary school students in rural areas,aims to probe into the characteristics of rural juveniles’ smoking and drinking,as well as the relationship between their smoking/drinking and parent-child relationship,peer pressure,and involvement in school activities.The results show the following:(1) about 10.70 percent of rural juveniles report previous smoking,and 14.80 percent of them report previous drinking;the rural juveniles of different gender and in different academic years show a significant difference in smoking and drinking;compared with the rural juveniles whose parents leave them at home and seek employment in cities,the rural juveniles who stay at home in rural areas with their parents show a significant difference in smoking,but no significant difference in drinking.(2) The parent-child relationship may be used to directly predict rural juveniles’ smoking and drinking,and peer pressure and school activities in part play an intermediary role in regulating the relationship between the parent-child relationship and rural juveniles’ smoking and drinking.(3) School activities and the parent-child relationship show nearly the same overall effect on rural juveniles’ smoking and drinking,but in contrast,peer pressure shows a small effect on rural juveniles’ smoking and drinking.This reminds the researchers that apart from the family and the peers,which serve as two regular factors affecting rural juveniles’ smoking and drinking,the school also has an important effect on rural juveniles’ smoking and drinking.