美国大学文化的特点及对我们的启示——对美国四所大学的考察分析

现代美国大学制度及其文化是资本主义制度下大学文化较为典型的形态它建立在资本主义社会的三个文化原则基础之上 ,这就是 :充分发育市场经济。系统、完备的法律体系及严谨高效的管理制度 ;思想自由与学术自由。在观察和分析的基础上 ,我们形成了以下看法 :美国的大学文化存在着较为深刻的内在矛盾 ,表现为科学主义或者说工具理性与人文主义或理想精神的对立 ;也表现为审美的要求和原则与体育的方式及原则的对立 ;甚至还表现为精英主义文化与大众文化之间的对立。这种矛盾和对立 ,在校园文化中具体化为一系列十分复杂的现象。

Characteristics of Culture in American Universities and the Inspiration to us

System as well as Culture in modern American Universities is a fairly typical formation,based on three cultural principles in capitalist society.That is fully developing market-oriented economy,systematic and perfect legal system as well as rigorous and effective management system,freedom of thought and science. We have reached the following viewpoints through observation and analysis that there exists profound inner contradictions in the university culture of America, presenting the opposites between science(instrument rationalism)and humanism(ideal spirit),aesthetic demands and aesthetic standards,forms of physical culture ,even showing the opposites between elitism culture and popular culture.These contradictions and opposites,in the campus culture,are specified a series quite complicated phenomena.