Abstract: | PRINTERS AND PRESS FREEDOM: THE IDEOLOGY OF EARLY AMERICAN JOURNALISM by Jeffery A. Smith (New York: Oxford, 1987—$24.95: ISBN 0-19-505144-0) COMMUNICATIONS AND HISTORY: THEORIES OF MEDIA, KNOWLEDGE, AND CIVILIZATION by Paul Heyer (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1988—$37.95: ISBN 0-313-26157-1) WHEN OLD TECHNOLOGIES WERE NEW: THINKING AB0UT COMMUNICATIONS IN THE LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY by Carolyn Marvin (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988 $34.50: ISBN 0-19-50*4468-1) |