People,process, and paradox: qualitative research as journey 1

Qualitative researchers have made some provocative assertions about ethnography: a] in research on dynamic processes, questions change, and therefore research tools change; b] in ethnography, the researcher is the instrument; and c] ethographic research is characterized by researcher “self‐doubt.” This article reflects on the nature of ethnographic research in light of experiences I gained while investigating the role of literacy in the lives of Hmong refugees in Philadelphia. By discussing three people that I came to know, I explore each of the assertions and examine my own shifts in perspective during the research process. Finally, I reflect on the idea of self‐doubt and suggest that it may characterize not only the research process but also the lasting consequences of inquiry. The paper illustrates the paradox that the dangers and discomforts contribute to the power of the ethnographic enterprise.