清代以来苗族侗族家庭财产划分制度初探——以天柱民间分家文书为中心考察

近年来，清水江文书的大量发现，使清代以来苗侗社会史有进一步研究的可能。分家析产是社会史研究的重要内容。从分家文书中可知，苗族侗族民众因为“家务纷纭、难以照料”而分家，通过“生分”与“出分”，他们不断地表达着“姜不分不辣，家不分不发”这一民谚所蕴含的朴素的分家析产思想。同时，也由此建立了易于操作的家庭财产划分制度，他们遵循着“品搭均分、拈阄为定”的“诸子平分”原则，当然也不断地呈现出其不同于汉族地区分家析产的地域特点。

Study on the Miao and Dong Family Property Distribution System since the Qing Dynasty: An Investigation of the Folk Family Division Contract Documents in Tianzhu County

In recent years, a lot of the contract documents had found in the lower reaches of the Qingshui river, which makes the possibility of further research on Miao and Dong social history. Family division is an important content of study social history. It can be seen from the contract documents that there were reasons for the Miao and Dong family division. The family property distribution system followed a certain principles with their own characteristics.