Modelling ethical rules of lying with Answer Set Programming |
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Authors: | Jean-Gabriel Ganascia |
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Institution: | (1) LIP6 – University Pierre and Marie Curie (Paris VI), 104, avenue du Président Kennedy, 75016 Paris, France |
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Abstract: | There has been considerable discussion in the past about the assumptions and basis of different ethical rules. For instance,
it is commonplace to say that ethical rules are defaults rules, which means that they tolerate exceptions. Some authors argue
that morality can only be grounded in particular cases while others defend the existence of general principles related to
ethical rules. Our purpose here is not to justify either position, but to try to model general ethical rules with artificial
intelligence formalisms and to compute logical consequences of different ethical theories. More precisely, this is an attempt
to show that progress in non-monotonic logics, which simulates default reasoning, could provide a way to formalize different
ethical conceptions. From a technical point of view, the model developed in this paper makes use of the Answer Set Programming
(ASP) formalism. It is applied comparatively to different ethical systems with respect to their attitude towards lying. The
advantages of such formalization are two-fold: firstly, to clarify ideas and assumptions, and, secondly, to use solvers to
derive consequences of different ethical conceptions automatically, which can help in a rigorous comparison of ethical theories. |
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Keywords: | Answer Set Programming (ASP) categorical imperative computational ethics default logic non-monotonic logic |
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