李烈钧与萍乡煤矿

武昌起义后,国内政局出现混乱,汉冶萍公司厂矿所在鄂、湘两省的官绅乘机武力接管汉阳铁厂、大冶铁矿和萍乡煤矿(简称萍矿)。适逢李烈钧出任赣省都督,为巩固政权,以改善财政为核心的整顿便成为其当务之急。由于赣省以农业为主要经济来源,工业相当薄弱,贸易逆差严重。在鄂、湘两省的刺激下,李烈钧亦采取措施,拟接管萍矿以解财政困境。民国初建,在资产阶级的鼓动下,无论是南京临时政府还是袁世凯政府都倡导鼓励、保护和促进实业发展,由此李烈钧先是利用集成公司同汉冶萍竞争,企图压迫后者屈服,后又直接派军队接管。湘督谭延闿不愿赣省独占并破坏萍矿,采取措施积极支持汉冶萍;袁世凯政府亦有控制汉冶萍的企图,阻挠李烈钧的接管行动。在谭延闿和袁世凯的支持下,汉冶萍及萍矿坐办李寿铨坚决抵制李烈钧接管萍矿的企图。在各方压力下,李烈钧被迫妥协,和平解决矿争。民初赣省与汉冶萍之间关于萍矿的争夺,反映的是地方与企业、地方与中央争夺财源的实质。

Li Liejun and Pingxiang Coal Mine

After the Wuchang Uprising, the domestic political situation was in disarray, the officials and gentry of Hubei and Hunan provinces where the Hanyeping Company was located seized the opportunity to take over the Hanyang Iron Works, Daye Iron Mine and Pingxiang Coal Mine by force. At that time, Li Liejun was appointed as the governor of Jiangxi province. In order to consolidate the revolutionary regime, the readjustment centered on improving finance became his urgent task. As the main economic source of Jiangxi province was agriculture, the weak industry and the serious trade deficit had a direct influence on the consolidation of regime. Inspired by the examples of Hubei and Hunan provinces, Li Liejun also took measures to take over Pingxiang Coal Mine to solve the financial dilemma. At the beginning of the Republic of China, aroused by the bourgeoisie, both the Nanjing provisional government and the Yuan Shikai government advocated, protected and promoted the industry development. Thus Li Liejun first utilized Jicheng Company to compete with Hanyeping Company, attempting to force the latter to yield, and then directly sent the army to take over it. For the governor of Hunan province Tan Yankai was reluctant to accept that the Mine would be monopolized by Jiangxi province, he actively supported Hanyeping Comnpany to change the situation. Yuan Shikai government also attempted to control Hanyeping Company to prevent Li Liejun from taking over the Mine. With the support of Tan Yankai and Yuan Shikai, Hanyeping Company and the daily-affair manager Li Shouquan of Pingxiang Mine resolutely resisted Li Liejun’s attempt of controlling the Mine. As a result of the pressure from all sides, Li Liejun was forced to compromise on the Pingxiang Mine matters and realize the peaceful settlement. The essence of the contest between Jiangxi province and Hanyeping Company for the Pingxiang Mine reflected the competition for resources between the local government and enterprises as well as the local government and the central government in the early period of the Republic of China.