现代社会的人际关系类型及其互动逻辑——试谈“差序格局”模型的扩展

人际关系研究是社会学研究中的一个基本主题.在现代中国社会背景下,费孝通的"差序格局"概念及其理论在解释人际关系方面仍不失其适用性,它描绘出个体在人际关系中的基本行动结构,但是其中关于个体行动逻辑的论断则需要深化扩展.随着中国社会的变迁,个体在社会关系的差序格局中的行动逻辑已经从单一的道德要素演变成了多种逻辑,包括情感逻辑、伦常逻辑、面子逻辑、技术逻辑、制度逻辑和公义逻辑,且各种逻辑在差序格局中有各自适用的边界,对应形成不同类型的人际互动关系.在人际互动中,应用适宜的行动逻辑会产出有效的关系,误用或错用行动逻辑就会导致关系无效,甚至破裂.

Types of Interpersonal Relationships and Interaction Logics:Expansion of the Differential Mode of Association Theory for Modern Chinese Society

Interpersonal relationship is a classical topic in sociological research.Fei Xiaotong's Differential Mode of Association and the moral factor as interaction logic thereof wonderfully pictured the answer in the traditional Chinese society.After more than half of a century,this paper tries to further Fei's theory to apply it to modern China.It says that Differential Mode of Association still works well as to illustrate the structure of an agent's actions in social relations while the logics in the Mode need d...